• Shabbat in Hebrew, a day of rest on the seventh day beginning at sundown every Friday.
  • A first-century Jewish sect drawn largely from the priestly aristocracy. They accepted only the written Torah, rejected the resurrection, angels, and spirits, and wielded significant political power under Roman rule. (Acts 23:8)
  • The supreme Jewish council and court in Jerusalem during the Second Temple period — seventy-one elders led by the high priest, handling religious, civil, and criminal matters.
  • Hebrew word for “order” or “arrangement,” but also referring to the meal and ceremony on the first and second nights of Passover.
  • From the Latin for "seventy" (abbreviated LXX). The ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, made in Alexandria around the 3rd-2nd centuries BC. The Bible most New Testament writers quoted from.
  • "Shabbat" in Hebrew, a day of rest on the seventh day, beginning at sundown every Friday and ending at sundown Saturday. A sign of the covenant between Yahweh and His people (Exodus 31:13-17), set apart for rest, worship, and reflection.
  • Hebrew for "peace," but far richer than the absence of conflict. Shalom means wholeness, completeness, well-being, harmony — nothing missing, nothing broken. The root also gives us "shalem" (whole/complete) and is related to the idea of being made perfect.
  • Hebrew for “weeks.” Denotes the Feast of Pentecost, or the Feast of Weeks, celebrating when God gave Moses the first five books of the Old Testament on Mount Sinai.
  • Hebrew word for “hear.” First word of the daily Jewish prayer that says, “Hear, O Israel: the Lord is our God, the Lord is One.” (See Deuteronomy 6:4.)
  • Hebrew for "eighth day of assembly." The solemn eighth day immediately following the seven days of Sukkot. A separate appointed time, a final day of sacred rest and gathering before Yahweh. (Leviticus 23:36; Numbers 29:35)
  • Hebrew for "release." Every seventh year the land was to rest (no sowing or reaping) and debts among Israelites were released. A rhythm of trust in Yahweh's provision. (Exodus 23:10-11; Deuteronomy 15:1-2)
  • A ram's horn trumpet used in biblical worship and still blown on Yom Teruah (Feast of Trumpets) and Yom Kippur. Its blast calls God's people to attention, repentance, and battle. (Joshua 6; 1 Thessalonians 4:16)
  • Hebrew for "rejoicing of the Torah." Celebrated at the conclusion of Sukkot (on Shemini Atzeret outside Israel), marking the completion of the annual Torah reading cycle and the joyful beginning of a new cycle.
  • Hebrew word, plural for “booth” or “hut.” Signifies the Feast ofTabernacles, celebrated for seven days after Yom Kippur. A reminder of when Israel lived in the wilderness in makeshift tents, and later worshipped in a portable tabernacle, a forerunner to a permanent temple.